Bombe
Bombe是一種電動機械學裝置，在第二次世界大戰期間被英國密碼學家用於幫助破譯德國恩尼格瑪密碼機加密的機密信息[1]。隨後，美國海軍[2]和美國陸軍[3]也依照相同的功能規範各自製造了類似的機器，但其工程設計與Bombe不完全相同，彼此之間存在差異。
英國的Bombe源於波蘭密碼局密碼學家馬里安·雷耶夫斯基設計的設備Bomba。在此之前，雷耶夫斯基已藉助自己設計的機器及更早的設備破譯德國恩尼格瑪密碼機電文長達七年之久。英國Bombe的初始設計由艾倫·圖靈於1939年在位於布萊切利園的英國政府密碼學校完成[4]，並在1940年由戈登·韋爾什曼提出一項重要的改進設計[5]。其工程設計與製造則由英國制表機公司的哈羅德·基恩完成。第一台Bombe代號為「勝利」（Victory），於1940年3月安裝[6]；第二台Bombe「Agnus Dei」（亦稱「Agnes」）則結合了韋爾什曼的新設計，於1940年8月投入使用。[7]
參考文獻
[編輯]- ^ Welchman 2005，第138–145頁.
- ^ Wilcox 2001，第33頁.
- ^ Wenger 1945.
- ^ Smith 2007，第60頁.
- ^ Welchman 2005，第77頁.
- ^ Fitzgerald, John; Larsen, Peter Gorm; Mukherjee, Paul; Plat, Nico; Verhoef, Marcel. Validated Designs for Object-oriented Systems. Springer. 6 December 2005. ISBN 9781846281075.
- ^ Simon Singh. The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. 26 January 2011. ISBN 9780307787842.
- Alexander, C. Hugh O'D., Cryptographic History of Work on the German Naval Enigma, The National Archives, Kew, Reference HW 25/1, c. 1945
- Budiansky, Stephen, Battle of wits: The Complete Story of Codebreaking in World War II
, Free Press, 2000, ISBN 978-0-684-85932-3 - Burke, Colin B., It Wasn't All Magic: The Early Struggle to Automate Cryptanalysis, 1930s-1960s (PDF), Fort Meade: Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency, 2002 [1994], （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2016-03-05）
- Carter, Frank, From Bombe 'stops' to Enigma keys (PDF), Technical Papers, Milton Keynes: Bletchley Park Trust, （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於2010-01-08）
- Carter, Frank, The Turing Bombe, The Rutherford Journal, 2010, 3, ISSN 1177-1380
- Davies, Donald, The Bombe — a Remarkable Logic Machine, Cryptologia, April 1999, 23 (2): 108–138, ISSN 0161-1194, doi:10.1080/0161-119991887793
- Davies, Donald, Effectiveness of the Diagonal Board, Cryptologia, July 1999, 23 (3): 229–239, ISSN 0161-1194, doi:10.1080/0161-119991887865
- DeBrosse, Jim; Burke, Colin, The Secret in Building 26: The Untold Story of America's Ultra War Against the U-Boat Enigma Codes, Random House, 2004, ISBN 978-0375508073
- Ellsbury, Graham, The Turing Bombe: what it was and how it worked, 1988 [1 May 2010]
- Farley, Robert D., Oral History Interview NSA-OH-14-83 Campaigne, Howard, Dr. 29 June 1983 (PDF), US National Security Agency, 1990 [3 January 2014], （原始內容 (PDF)存檔於18 September 2013）
- Harper, John, The British Bombe: CANTAB The Rebuild Project, 2007
- Hinsley, F.H.; Ransom, C.F.G.; Knight, R.C.C., British Intelligence in the Second World War: Volume 3, Part 2: v. 3, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, ISBN 978-0-521-35196-6
- Kahn, David, Seizing the Enigma: The Race to Break the German U-Boat Codes, 1939–1943, Houghton-Mifflin, 1991, ISBN 0-395-42739-8
- Keen, John, Harold 'Doc' Keen and the Bletchley Park bombe, Cleobury Mortimer, England: M & M Baldwin, 2003, ISBN 978-0-947712-42-6
- Mahon, A.P., The History of Hut Eight 1939 - 1945, UK National Archives Reference HW 25/2, 1945 [10 December 2009]
- Sale, Tony, Alan Turing, the Enigma and the Bombe, Virtual Wartime Bletchley Park, [1 May 2010]
- Sebag-Montefiore, Hugh, Enigma: The Battle for the Code Cassell Military Paperbacks, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004 [2000], ISBN 978-0-297-84251-4
- Smith, Christopher, How I learned to stop worrying and love the Bombe: Machine Research and Development and Bletchley Park, History of Science, 2014, 52 (2): 200–222, S2CID 145181963, doi:10.1177/0073275314529861
- Smith, Michael, Station X: The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park, Pan Grand Strategy Series Pan Books, Revised and Extended, London: Pan MacMillan Ltd, 2007 [1998], ISBN 978-0-330-41929-1
- US Army, The US 6812 Division Bombe Report Eastcote 1944, Tony Sale's Codes and Ciphers, 1945 [1 May 2010], （原始內容存檔於22 July 2009）
- Welchman, Gordon, The Hut Six story: Breaking the Enigma codes, Cleobury Mortimer, England: M&M Baldwin, 2005 [1997], ISBN 9780947712341 New updated edition of 'Welchman, Gordon, The Hut Six Story: Breaking the Enigma Codes, London: Allen Lane, 1982, ISBN 0-7139-1294-4' with an addendum consisting of a 1986 paper written by Welchman that corrects his misapprehensions in the 1982 edition.
- Wenger, J. N.; Engstrom, H. T.; Meader, R. I., History of The Bombe Project: Memorandum for the Director of Naval Communications, The Mariner's Museum, 30 May 1944 (1998), （原始內容存檔於16 June 2010）
- Wenger, J. N., Appendix II: U. S. Army Cryptanalytic Bombe, Solving the Enigma: History of the Cryptanalytic Bombe, a NSA phamphlet, 12 February 1945 [24 Jan 2017], （原始內容存檔於2 October 2014） (also National Archives and Records Administration Record Group 457, File 35701.)
- Wilcox, Jennifer E, About the Enigma, Solving the Enigma: History of the Cryptanalytic Bombe, a NSA phamphlet, Center for Cryptologic History, National Security Agency, 2001 [9 April 2010], ASIN B0006RLRA4, （原始內容存檔於17 March 2010）
- Winterbotham, F.W., The ULTRA Secret, Orion Books Ltd, 2001 [1974], ISBN 0-7528-3751-6
- Wright, John, The Turing Bombe Victory and the first naval Enigma decrypts, Cryptologia, 2016, 41 (4): 295–328, S2CID 205488462, doi:10.1080/01611194.2016.1219786
