CXCR3

CXCR3
標識符
代號	CXCR3
擴展標識	OMIM：300574；MGI：1277207；HomoloGene：1153；GeneCards：CXCR3；OMA：CXCR3 - orthologs
基因位置（人類）
染色體	X染色體
終止	71,618,511 bp
基因位置（小鼠）
染色體	小鼠X染色體
終止	100,777,875 bp
RNA表現模式
	Top expressed in
	mucosa of transverse colon;
	Top expressed in
	primary oocyte; ; stroma of bone marrow;
	查閱更多表現資料
	; ;
	查閱更多表現資料
基因本體
分子功能	C-X-C chemokine receptor activity; G protein-coupled receptor activity; C-X-C chemokine binding; signal transducer activity; chemokine binding; chemokine receptor activity; 血漿蛋白結合; signaling receptor activity; C-C chemokine receptor activity; C-C chemokine binding;
細胞組分	細胞質; integral component of membrane; 膜; integral component of plasma membrane; cell surface; external side of plasma membrane; 細胞膜; 胞內;
生物學過程	negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis; positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; T cell chemotaxis; chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling; regulation of leukocyte migration; positive regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; 細胞粘附; positive regulation of chemotaxis; 血管新生; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 production; negative regulation of angiogenesis; inflammatory response; calcium-mediated signaling; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; 訊息傳遞; 細胞凋亡; 趨化性; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; 免疫反應; cell chemotaxis; regulation of cell adhesion;
	來源：Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	2833
	12766
	ENSG00000186810
	ENSMUSG00000050232
	P49682
	O88410
	NM_001142797; NM_001504
	NM_009910
	NP_001136269; NP_001495
	NP_034040
	維基數據
檢視/編輯人類	檢視/編輯小鼠

趨化因子受體CXCR3是G蛋白偶連的七跨膜域受體，化學式為：C₁₈₄₄H₂₈₉₆O₅₀₀N₄₉₄S₂₁^[5]，可選擇性地與CXC趨化因子（CXCL9，CXCL10，和CXCL11）結合^[6]。 CXCR3又稱G蛋白偶聯受體9(GPR9)和CD183。有兩種變異的CXCR3受體。CXCR3－A與CXCL9， CXCL10，CXCL11結合；而CXCR3-B除了與CXCL9， CXCL10，CXCL11結合外還可以與CXCL4結合^[7]。

表現

CXCR3主要表現在T細胞、自然殺手細胞活性上^[8]，有的上皮細胞和一些內皮細胞也表現CXCR3。 I型輔助T細胞（Th1）優先表現CXCR3及CCR5^[8]，而II型輔助T細胞（Th2）表現CCR3和CCR4。 CXCR3與配位基結合後在誘導I型輔助T細胞（Th1）遷移的同時又阻止II型輔助T細胞（Th2）的遷徙。從而增強T細胞的分化效應。

信號傳遞

CXCR3與其配位基CXCL9， CXCL10，CXCL11的結合，能引起細胞鈣離子的內流，啟動肌醇磷脂3-激酶和絲裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）^[9]。詳細的信號通路尚未確立，但與其他的趨化因子受體的信號傳遞有類似的激酶。

功能

CXCR3調節白血球遷徙。CXCR3與配位基相互作用引起I型輔助T細胞（Th1）的遷移，並促進I型輔助T細胞（Th1）成熟。

疾病

CXCR3可能在下列疾病中起作用，包括動脈粥樣硬化^[10]、多發性硬化^[11]、肺纖維化^[12]、I型糖尿病^[13]、重症肌無力、急性心臟移植排斥^[14]。開發阻斷CXCR3與其配位基相互作用的藥物可提供治療這些疾病的新途徑。

參見

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186810 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050232 – Ensembl, 2017年5月
^ Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Expasy - ProtParam. web.expasy.org. [2026-02-10].
^ Clark-Lewis, Ian; Mattioli, Ivan; Gong, Jiang-Hong; Loetscher, Pius. Structure-function relationship between the human chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003-01-03, 278 (1): 289–295. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12417585. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209470200 .
^ Lasagni, Laura; Francalanci, Michela; Annunziato, Francesco; Lazzeri, Elena; Giannini, Stefano; Cosmi, Lorenzo; Sagrinati, Costanza; Mazzinghi, Benedetta; Orlando, Claudio; Maggi, Enrico; Marra, Fabio; Romagnani, Sergio; Serio, Mario; Romagnani, Paola. An alternatively spliced variant of CXCR3 mediates the inhibition of endothelial cell growth induced by IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, and acts as functional receptor for platelet factor 4. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2003-06-02, 197 (11): 1537–1549. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2193908 . PMID 12782716. doi:10.1084/jem.20021897 .
^ ^8.0 ^8.1 Qin, S.; Rottman, J. B.; Myers, P.; Kassam, N.; Weinblatt, M.; Loetscher, M.; Koch, A. E.; Moser, B.; Mackay, C. R. The chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR5 mark subsets of T cells associated with certain inflammatory reactions. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1998-02-15, 101 (4): 746–754. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 508621 . PMID 9466968. doi:10.1172/JCI1422 .
^ Smit, Martine J.; Verdijk, Pauline; van der Raaij-Helmer, Elisabeth M. H.; Navis, Marjon; Hensbergen, Paul J.; Leurs, Rob; Tensen, Cornelis P. CXCR3-mediated chemotaxis of human T cells is regulated by a Gi- and phospholipase C-dependent pathway and not via activation of MEK/p44/p42 MAPK nor Akt/PI-3 kinase. Blood. 2003-09-15, 102 (6): 1959–1965. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 12750173. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-12-3945.
^ Mach, F.; Sauty, A.; Iarossi, A. S.; Sukhova, G. K.; Neote, K.; Libby, P.; Luster, A. D. Differential expression of three T lymphocyte-activating CXC chemokines by human atheroma-associated cells. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1999, 104 (8): 1041–1050. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 408576 . PMID 10525042. doi:10.1172/JCI6993 .
^ Sørensen, T. L.; Tani, M.; Jensen, J.; Pierce, V.; Lucchinetti, C.; Folcik, V. A.; Qin, S.; Rottman, J.; Sellebjerg, F.; Strieter, R. M.; Frederiksen, J. L.; Ransohoff, R. M. Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1999, 103 (6): 807–815. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 408141 . PMID 10079101. doi:10.1172/JCI5150 .
^ Jiang, Dianhua; Liang, Jiurong; Hodge, Jennifer; Lu, Bao; Zhu, Zhou; Yu, Shuang; Fan, Juan; Gao, Yunfei; Yin, Zhinan; Homer, Robert; Gerard, Craig; Noble, Paul W. Regulation of pulmonary fibrosis by chemokine receptor CXCR3. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2004, 114 (2): 291–299. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 449741 . PMID 15254596. doi:10.1172/JCI16861 .
^ Frigerio, Simona; Junt, Tobias; Lu, Bao; Gerard, Craig; Zumsteg, Urs; Holländer, Georg A.; Piali, Luca. Beta cells are responsible for CXCR3-mediated T-cell infiltration in insulitis. Nature Medicine. 2002, 8 (12): 1414–1420. ISSN 1078-8956. PMID 12415259. doi:10.1038/nm1202-792.
^ Hancock, W. W.; Lu, B.; Gao, W.; Csizmadia, V.; Faia, K.; King, J. A.; Smiley, S. T.; Ling, M.; Gerard, N. P.; Gerard, C. Requirement of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 for acute allograft rejection. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2000-11-20, 192 (10): 1515–1520. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2193193 . PMID 11085753. doi:10.1084/jem.192.10.1515 .

外部連結

Charo IF, Ransohoff RM. The many roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammation. N Engl J Med. 2006 Feb 9;354(6):610-21.（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000186810 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000050232 – Ensembl, 2017年5月

[3] Human PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] Mouse PubMed Reference:. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] Expasy - ProtParam. web.expasy.org. [2026-02-10].

[leo-6] Clark-Lewis, Ian; Mattioli, Ivan; Gong, Jiang-Hong; Loetscher, Pius. Structure-function relationship between the human chemokine receptor CXCR3 and its ligands. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003-01-03, 278 (1): 289–295. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12417585. doi:10.1074/jbc.M209470200 .

[7] Lasagni, Laura; Francalanci, Michela; Annunziato, Francesco; Lazzeri, Elena; Giannini, Stefano; Cosmi, Lorenzo; Sagrinati, Costanza; Mazzinghi, Benedetta; Orlando, Claudio; Maggi, Enrico; Marra, Fabio; Romagnani, Sergio; Serio, Mario; Romagnani, Paola. An alternatively spliced variant of CXCR3 mediates the inhibition of endothelial cell growth induced by IP-10, Mig, and I-TAC, and acts as functional receptor for platelet factor 4. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2003-06-02, 197 (11): 1537–1549. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2193908 . PMID 12782716. doi:10.1084/jem.20021897 .

[qin-8] 8.0 ^8.1 Qin, S.; Rottman, J. B.; Myers, P.; Kassam, N.; Weinblatt, M.; Loetscher, M.; Koch, A. E.; Moser, B.; Mackay, C. R. The chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR5 mark subsets of T cells associated with certain inflammatory reactions. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1998-02-15, 101 (4): 746–754. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 508621 . PMID 9466968. doi:10.1172/JCI1422 .

[9] Smit, Martine J.; Verdijk, Pauline; van der Raaij-Helmer, Elisabeth M. H.; Navis, Marjon; Hensbergen, Paul J.; Leurs, Rob; Tensen, Cornelis P. CXCR3-mediated chemotaxis of human T cells is regulated by a Gi- and phospholipase C-dependent pathway and not via activation of MEK/p44/p42 MAPK nor Akt/PI-3 kinase. Blood. 2003-09-15, 102 (6): 1959–1965. ISSN 0006-4971. PMID 12750173. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-12-3945.

[10] Mach, F.; Sauty, A.; Iarossi, A. S.; Sukhova, G. K.; Neote, K.; Libby, P.; Luster, A. D. Differential expression of three T lymphocyte-activating CXC chemokines by human atheroma-associated cells. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1999, 104 (8): 1041–1050. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 408576 . PMID 10525042. doi:10.1172/JCI6993 .

[11] Sørensen, T. L.; Tani, M.; Jensen, J.; Pierce, V.; Lucchinetti, C.; Folcik, V. A.; Qin, S.; Rottman, J.; Sellebjerg, F.; Strieter, R. M.; Frederiksen, J. L.; Ransohoff, R. M. Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 1999, 103 (6): 807–815. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 408141 . PMID 10079101. doi:10.1172/JCI5150 .

[12] Jiang, Dianhua; Liang, Jiurong; Hodge, Jennifer; Lu, Bao; Zhu, Zhou; Yu, Shuang; Fan, Juan; Gao, Yunfei; Yin, Zhinan; Homer, Robert; Gerard, Craig; Noble, Paul W. Regulation of pulmonary fibrosis by chemokine receptor CXCR3. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2004, 114 (2): 291–299. ISSN 0021-9738. PMC 449741 . PMID 15254596. doi:10.1172/JCI16861 .

[13] Frigerio, Simona; Junt, Tobias; Lu, Bao; Gerard, Craig; Zumsteg, Urs; Holländer, Georg A.; Piali, Luca. Beta cells are responsible for CXCR3-mediated T-cell infiltration in insulitis. Nature Medicine. 2002, 8 (12): 1414–1420. ISSN 1078-8956. PMID 12415259. doi:10.1038/nm1202-792.

[14] Hancock, W. W.; Lu, B.; Gao, W.; Csizmadia, V.; Faia, K.; King, J. A.; Smiley, S. T.; Ling, M.; Gerard, N. P.; Gerard, C. Requirement of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 for acute allograft rejection. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 2000-11-20, 192 (10): 1515–1520. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 2193193 . PMID 11085753. doi:10.1084/jem.192.10.1515 .

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